• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Procedure for the control of the temperature and the resistance of the concrete in the operations of demolding in work that includes the following stages: - preparation of a concrete block of the same material as the concrete used in the work, - placement of a set of means for measuring the temperature inside said concrete block, - preparation of a thermal bath comprising heating means, - introduction of a set of concrete specimens in the thermal bath, - introduction of the concrete block inside a cold room, - record of the temperature measured in the concrete block and in the thermal bath and equalization of its temperatures, - comparison of the resistance of the specimens of the thermal bath from a time t1 at regular intervals of time with respect to a predetermined value of resistance. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2618887A1
    申请号:ES201531861
    申请日:2015-12-21
    公开日:2017-06-22
    发明作者:Matilde PERTIERRA Y REY；José Carlos MARTÍNEZ DÍAZ；Antonio MORELL RODRÍGUEZ；Manuel RUIZ-OCEJO CALVO
    申请人:Ferrovial Agroman SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    DESCRIPTION
    Procedure for the control of the temperature and the resistance of the concrete in the decoupling operations
    Field of the Invention
    The present invention develops a procedure that allows to determine the setting time of the concrete and the moment in which it presents the adequate resistance to proceed to the removal of the concrete. With these data, the mentioned times can be optimized, thus reducing the terms normally used in the concreting processes.
    This procedure is of special application in works that are located in low temperature environments and allows to obtain an accurate estimation of the concreting times, and their possible reduction, months before starting the works and regardless of the meteorological conditions at the time of carrying out the procedure object of the invention.
    Background of the invention
    It is known that the ambient temperature is a decisive factor when it comes to obtaining the resistance conditions necessary to perform the concrete stripping operations.
    Similarly, it is also known that low ambient temperatures can adversely affect the setting of concrete. Traditionally, for example, it takes about 72 hours to unclog some elements. Consequently, these long periods until setting lead to delays in the work, in addition to a significant investment in machinery and personnel.
    Description of the invention
    The process object of the invention allows reproducing conditions of low ambient temperatures in which the concrete used in the work will be cured, as well as the characteristics of said concrete.
    This procedure includes the following stages:
    - Preparation of a concrete block of the same material as the concrete used on site.
    - Placement of a set of means for measuring the temperature inside said concrete block. The mission of these media is to contribute
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    information on the temperature values that are reached at the different points of the concrete volume during setting. In an example of realization, these means could be thermocouple probes.
    - Preparation of a thermal bath comprising a heating device such as, for example, a bucket with water inside which there is a resistor, which is commonly referred to as a thermal bath.
    - Preparation of a set of specimens with the same concrete as the one used in the concrete block, for the control of its resistance.
    - Introduction of a set of specimens of the specimens prepared in the thermal bath.
    - Installation of means for measuring the temperature in said thermal bath.
    - Introduction of the concrete block inside a cold room located at the work site, which will allow to recreate low temperature conditions.
    - Placement of a means of measuring the temperature inside the cold room, which allows to verify that during the execution of the procedure the temperature of the cold room is maintained at the required values.
    - Introduction of a test tube inside the cold room, which will serve as a witness and which will be tested later in order to verify its resistance.
    - Placement of a temperature measurement medium in the test tube inside the cold store.
    - Record of the evolution of the temperature measured in the concrete block and in the thermal bath and equalization of the temperature of the thermal bath with those of the concrete block by means of actuation on the heating device. Preferably, the average value of those registered by the probes in the concrete block will be taken, which will vary as the setting of the concrete takes place, so that the temperature of the thermal bath will vary according to the setting of the concrete.
    - Checking, at regular intervals of time, the resistance of the thermal bath specimens with respect to a predetermined resistance value and from a time t1.
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    - Identification of the time in which the test specimens reach the value
    predetermined resistance with adequate time for concrete removal.
    Therefore, to solve the problems mentioned in the background of the invention, equipment capable of measuring, for example, thermocouple probes, the actual temperature of the concrete in the structure and correlating it with the temperature of submitted specimens has been implemented to cure inside an adiabatic cuvette with water (varying the temperature of the water until the values of the probes of the structure and those of the specimens of said cuvette are equalized). Based on the data obtained, it can be stripped at the precise moment in which the concrete reaches the degree of resistance required by the construction process.
    The invention develops a procedure that allows to determine, independently of the environmental conditions of the moment and with the greater accuracy, the setting time and the strength of the concrete at each moment of said setting.
    The previous procedure has the advantage that it allows to reproduce, in advance, the conditions of low temperatures at work, since the concrete of the test pieces that have been broken will have developed the same setting and hardening process as the structural concrete that is being used in work. As a result, the time of concrete removal of the concrete on site can be optimized, even in low ambient temperature conditions, and the removal of the formwork can be carried out, in some cases, in 14-16 hours, instead of waiting for the usual 72 hours.
    The advantage of the process object of the invention is the possibility of simulating temperatures of January or February (or those inside a tunnel under construction, for example), in the summer months, which makes it possible to estimate the concreting time and stripping much more favorable and tight. All this will revert to a saving in time, costs and environmental conditions, by reducing the execution time of this work unit.
    The specimen introduced at room temperature, that is, inside the cold room, is especially important in the event that there is a failure during the execution of the procedure that prevents the reproduction of the setting conditions in the thermal bath, by example, due to electrical failure of the machine. In that case the setting time corresponds to that of the specimen at room temperature.
    Detailed description of the invention
    In an example of realization, there are specifically eight temperature control probes, one of which will be placed in the thermal bath and another five probes will measure temperatures at various points in the mass of the concrete block. In addition another probe will take the temperature of the test tube that is introduced inside the cold room and a last one will also record the temperature inside said cold room.
    Because the cold room must be moved to work in order to facilitate the comparison of the characteristics of the work concrete, with which it is inside said chamber, it can be introduced inside a refrigerated truck that will maintain its temperature constant throughout the procedure.
    Once the concrete is poured to form the concrete block, the thermocouple probes are placed and the specimens for resistance control are manufactured, the concrete is introduced into the cold store and the auscultation of temperatures begins.
    In an exemplary embodiment, for the thermal bath there is a bucket with a capacity of 15 for ten specimens in which a resistance that heats the water is placed. The water temperature of the bath will be similar to that of the fresh concrete at the time of insertion of the specimens into it, so that the test starts from the temperature of the fresh concrete.
    In order to recirculate the water, so that the temperature is distributed in a homogeneous way, a pump can be installed in said thermal bath.
    In the disclosed embodiment, five temperature probes are inserted into the concrete die at different depths to monitor the temperature of the entire block. It will be enough with three probes, but five are used to obtain a greater amount of data. The purpose of these probes is to check the difference in thermal gradient in the 25 concrete die.
    The average of the measurements taken by the set of probes installed in the concrete block is made and this average is the one that will match the temperature of the thermal bath, and therefore, the temperature of the test tubes submerged in that bath.
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    From this moment, the thermocouples will take data of the evolution of the temperature throughout the hours of duration of the procedure, obtaining a temperature gradient as a function of time and the distance to the surface of the concrete cube.
    In the example of realization, it is established that test specimens will begin to be tested after 10 hours of curing in the bathroom and, starting there every two hours (that is, at 12,14, 16 and 18 hours). The specimens will be tested in pairs, both to ensure the reliability of the data obtained, and in compliance with the Instruction of the Concrete EHE-08. The process will be repeated until the setting and resistance data correspond to those required for the projected structure.
    Once the necessary values have been reached, the specimen placed inside the refrigerator is also tested, verifying that the compressive strength obtained in said specimen cured at room temperature (between 5 and 7 ° C) is significantly lower than the values of resistance resulting from the specimens cured in the thermal bath.
    In short, even at low ambient temperatures and with relatively low aggregate temperatures, for an exit temperature of the concrete around 15 ° C (as proposed in the study of temperatures prepared for the test), resistance at ages is developed early ones close to 12.5 MPa required to move the formwork.
    Additionally, it is possible to carry out an additional step in the process consisting of heating the kneading water for the production of the concrete used in the concrete block, which allows the setting time to be accelerated, by, approximately, a couple of hours, and justifies the possibility of heating the kneading water in the winter months, favoring the development of initial resistances faster than that registered with concrete at an outlet temperature similar to winter ambient temperatures (around 4 - 5 ° C or even minors).
    On the other hand, in the light of the data obtained it can be thought that, acting on the temperatures of its components, a concrete with a higher outlet temperature will be obtained. In this sense, acting on the aggregates is complex, however, it is easy to heat the water that enters the mixer at a certain temperature. From the temperature statistics of the area, it can be estimated in what months it will be necessary to perform this treatment for a defined water temperature.
    Finally, it will also be possible to use hot air canons as an aid to facilitate the setting. This will be an exceptional measure applicable in unusually low temperatures.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
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    1.- Procedure for the control of the temperature and the resistance of the concrete in the operations of decoupling on site, characterized by comprising the following stages:
    - preparation of a concrete block of the same material as the concrete used on site,
    - placing a set of means for measuring the temperature inside said concrete block,
    - preparation of a thermal bath comprising heating means,
    - preparation of a set of specimens with the same concrete as that used in the concrete block to control the resistance of the same,
    - introduction of a set of specimens prepared in the thermal bath,
    - placing means for measuring the temperature in said thermal bath,
    - introduction of the concrete block inside a cold room,
    - placement of a temperature measurement medium inside the cold store,
    - introduction of a test tube inside the cold store,
    - placing a temperature measurement medium in the test tube inside the cold store,
    - recording of the evolution of the temperature measured in the concrete block and in the thermal bath and equalization of the temperature of the thermal bath with the measurements in the concrete block by actuation on the heating device,
    - comparison of the resistance of the thermal bath specimens from a time t1 at regular intervals of time with respect to a predetermined resistance value,
    - identification of the time in which the tested specimens reach the predetermined resistance value with the concrete release time.
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    [2]
    2. Procedure for the control of the temperature and resistance of the concrete in the stripping operations, according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises the step of heating the kneading water for the preparation of the concrete block.
    [3]
    3. Procedure for the control of the temperature and resistance of the concrete in the decoupling operations, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cold room is installed inside a refrigerated truck.
    [4]
    4. Procedure for the control of the temperature and resistance of the concrete in the decoupling operations, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature of the thermal bath at the time of insertion of the specimens is approximately that of the fresh concrete
    [5]
    5. Procedure for the control of the temperature and resistance of the concrete in the decoupling operations, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the average of the measures of the set of means for measuring the temperature in the concrete block and is transmitted to the thermal bath that matches its temperature to that average.
    [6]
    6. Procedure for the control of the temperature and resistance of the concrete in the decoupling operations, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the comparison of the resistance of the specimens is made after 10 hours of curing. in the bathroom and, from there every two hours.
    [7]
    7. Procedure for the control of the temperature and resistance of the concrete in the decoupling operations, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the specimens are tested in pairs.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2618887B1|2018-04-12|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    CN203062933U|2013-02-04|2013-07-17|深圳泛华工程集团有限公司|Concrete experiment maintenance equipment|
    法律状态:
    2018-04-12| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2618887 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B1 Effective date: 20180412 |
    2022-02-16| PC2A| Transfer of patent|Owner name: FERROVIAL CONSTRUCCION, S.A Effective date: 20220216 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201531861A|ES2618887B1|2015-12-21|2015-12-21|Procedure for the control of the temperature and the resistance of the concrete in the decoupling operations|ES201531861A| ES2618887B1|2015-12-21|2015-12-21|Procedure for the control of the temperature and the resistance of the concrete in the decoupling operations|
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